Jute Bales
Jute: A plant forming the basis of a major export from the countries bordering the Bay of Bengal, particularly from Bangladesh, as well as from Thailand and from Vietnam. It produces a fibre used in the manufacture of linen, carpets, and cordage, as well as strong coarse sacking material known as gunnies, also as burlap (of single thread) and hessian (of double thread). Jute contains much moisture and is very liable to sweat, and as a result, loss of weight by evaporation can be considerable.
It is usually shipped in bales, occasionally in bags, which should be rejected if wet, whilst the use of hooks to move the bales/bags should be avoided. Extensive matting and dunnage is required to prevent the bales/bags from contact with ships’ decks and/or hold sides. Jute is not itself liable to speruaneous combustion but is readily combustible, and carrying vessels should therefore ideally be fitted with adequate firefighting and ventilation systems.
- Jute Bagged Stowage Factor 100/105
- Jute Baled Stowage Factor 65
Groundnuts: earthnut, or peanut, is a root crop of South American origin. also grown extensively in West Africa, the USA, China and India. It is valued for its high oil content, which makes it liable to sweat and to overheat. Shipped in bags or in bulk, shelled or unshelled, good ventilation and dunnaging is required.
Hay: Grass. cut and dried for fodder, after which it is usually pressed into bales of varying density for transportation and storage purposes. Damaged bales adversely affect stowage, and consequently the speed of loading/discharging, whereas damp or wet bales tend to overheat and eventually to spontaneously combust. Thus such bales should be rejected if presented for loading. Hay should be stowed away from odorous cargoes. and for large amounts, air-shafts should be constructed throughout the stow to combat cargo heating. Because of the high stowage factor of this commodity and particularly on coastal voyages in good weather conditions, it is likely that bales will be carried as deck cargo under protective sheeting.
Hemp: The fibres of various plants grown throughout Russia, India and the Far East, used in the manufacture of coarse cloth, ropes, paper, etc. Usually shipped in bales and to be stowed away from oils and greases to lessen risks of spontaneous combustion and fire. Damp and humid conditions can cause the commodity to deteriorate. Carrying vessels should be fitted with fire smothering equipment.
- Hay Baled Stowage Factor 125/350
- Hemp Baled Stowage Factor 90/110
- Groundnuts Shelled Bulk Stowage Factor 60
- Groundnuts Shelled Bagged Stowage Factor 65/70
- Groundnuts Unshelled Bulk Stowage Factor 90
- Groundnuts Unshelled Bagged Stowage Factor 90
- Groundnuts Husks Bulk Stowage Factor 110