Copra
Copra: The dried kernel of the coconut palm tree, cultivated throughout the tropics and forming important exports from Malaysia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and The Philippines in particular. Widely valued for high oil content and used as substitutes for dairy produce, and in soaps, etc. The husks of copra are valued as expellers for cattlefood supplement, and copra may be pressed into copracake, ground into coprameal or processed into pellets, often being carried in bulk in these latter forms. In whatever form of carriage, copra is a difficult and sometimes unpleasant cargo to carry. Liable to encourage the copra-bug, this commodity should be stowed well away from other cargoes that may become infested, and it is also very odourous so can easily taint other goods. Spontaneous combustion is always a risk, particularly if ventilation is inadequate or the copra loaded in damp condition, when it may equally rot or emit poisonous fumes. If it does ignite it burns fiercely. Consequently, any ship carrying copra should be equipped with a fire smothering system, and ideally, efficient ventilation equipment, although cargoes of copra may be treated prior to shipment to inhibit their tendency to spontaneously combust.
There are several company inspired copra charterparty forms, one such being the Philippine Copra CIP, amended 1966, under the auspices of Messrs Proctor & Gamble.
Coffee: When ground and roasted, the seeds of the berries of this evergreen shrub, the coffee beans, form a popular worldwide drink and food flavoring. Shipped from various places, but especially from Central and South America, usually in bags, the beans taint easily and are liable to absorb moisture and to ferment, heat, and sweat. Good ventilation is essential and most ships carrying this cargo will today be required to be fitted with mechanical or electrical ventilation.
Coir: The fibrous covering of the coconut. The stiff outer fibres are used for brooms and doormats, but longer inner fibres are spun into ropes, whilst shorter inner fibres are utilised for the stuffing of mattresses and similar. Coir is usually shipped in Bales or Dholls (small bundles rolled together) and must be stowed away from oils or greases which may cause damage.
- Coffee South American Bagged Stowage Factor 60/65
- Copra Bulk Stowage Factor 75
- Copra Bagged Stowage Factor 85
- Copra Cake Bulk Stowage Factor 60
- Copra Cake Bagged Stowage Factor 65
- Copra Chips Bulk Stowage Factor 100
- Copra Expellers Bulk Stowage Factor 60
- Copra Expellers Bagged Stowage Factor 65
- Copra Expeller Pellets Bulk Stowage Factor 60
- Copra Meal Bulk Stowage Factor 60
- Copra Meal Bagged Stowage Factor 70